Tire



V laterally stabilizing members of the 1 from an understanding of thefollowing Patented Oct. 2, 1928.

u m'rso sm'res max cYRUsov'ERMAN, or NEW YORK, N. Y.,IAssIe1 IoR; T0ovnimnn cnsirron'rian i company Inc, A CORPORATION or nEw'Yo x.

TIRE.

7 Application. filed my 6, 1922-. Serial No. 559,006.

present invention relates to improvements in tires including the tiresof my oopendingapplications Serial Nos. 500,367 and V filed September13, 1921, subsequent 500,368 I 1y patented as United States Patents Nos.1,618,128 and 1,618,129., dated February 15, 1927,.whe'reby I 'ncreasethe lateral stability of the tire by providing certain internal webs;also by theuse of bracing extensions acting between the'load-supportingand the I tire, but which extensions are themselvesoutside of the directline of action of the'loadrsustaining forces; also by an improvedconformation of the outer elbow-shaped members of the tire. I

These improvements are applicable to tires including tires of the abovegeneral type but are especially applicable and usefulin.

connection. with a further improvement which I have made on this type oftire consisting in decreasing .the width of the tread to decrease thetrac'tive resistance of the tire on the roadway. Sincethis'l tends toimpair thelateral' stability of the tire, my aforesaid first namedimprovements'are peculiarly ap- 'plic able.

of my present improvements will appelar c escription'read in'conne'ctionwith'the drawings which purport to show only the preferred embodimentoij' said improvements, although other embodiments are possiblewithinuthe scope of my invention. v Inthe drawings, Fig.1 isjacross-sectional view through myiimp'r oved tire mountedon a well knownform; ottire r'imyFig. 2 is .a longitudinal mid-sectional view of same;and Fig. 3 is an" underneath plan view'lookingflupwardly at the tread ofsaid tire, F g. 1 being a cross-sectional View on the l ne 1- -1 in saidFig. lookin'g in the direction of the arrow, andFig. 2 being a verticallongitudinal section partly in elevation on the line 2-2 in Fig. 3looking in the directionof thearrow. V f I v I V The expressions'ofdirection sucl1 as up? per and lower in the tlEBSGItlPtlOIl and claimsrefer to a section of the tire in ground contact as shown in Fig. 1."The expression elbow-shaped? definitive of the outer members'; and endsvdefinitive of the upper and lower portions otfthe lnner andoutermembers; and like expressions,v of course refer These 'fotherfeatures and advantages vide lateral extensions 7 whiclrmay pro .jectfrom the inner members'l' el into con tact with'the sides of the' outermembers to said members whenlookedat or consid} ered'in tranversesection as in Fig. 1. y I In the illustratedtlre within my Invert-ftion. 1-1 are upright" load-supporting and shock-absorbing inner membersand 2 2 are outer members serving to laterally stabilize or brace theinner members whjen'the tireis in action; These members 1 and 2 are11613;? tively closely; adjacent and separated" by proper space s, twoof which 3-3 aresimilar in cross-section and athirdspace beingdesignated 4.

PATENT" orr csjg.

The lower ends of all these members are integrally united bya'treadportion 5 having normally a relatively narrow ground contact limitedsubstantially to the part thereof directly under the load-supportingmembers 11. The elbow-shaped later-ally stabilizing or bracing outermembers 2-2 have little or no ground contact when on a hard surface.Thejtractive resistanceoifthe tire on the roadway isith'us decreased,which is advantageous, but this tends fto impair the lateral stabilityof the tirefi V To promotelateral stability, -Iprovidela series otspaced cross-webs. 6*integrally unit'- ing the inner and outenmembrs'lfand 2 across the spaces 3and4'between said members. These webs may beformed at the time j thejti'reis molded and do their worklby tyingtogether the important working -members 1 and 20f the tire. g q 1 Also,to promote lateral stabilityfllpro- 22 as shown in the tireoi' thedrawings,

These bracing extensions ar'elocated'sin,

the upper part .ofthe spaces 3*3"outside' offlthe' direct line, ofaction of'the load-sustaining forces, whereby they are subjected eralcompressions and expansions to which other parts o'f'the tire aresubJeGted when in action. In other words, thelrlbracing' and as littleas possible to the vertical and lat- Z 100 supporting effect is notinterfered with when the tire is in action "except to a minimuinfextent, and they; have also .minimiunrubbingor slidlngaction against thesurface of the members they support;

These bracing exten ons 7+7 advantage ously extend the mutualbrac'ingand "supporting actions of theupper portionsof the inner and outermembers 1 an'dQ, which when on the riin are in side'by side contact I itwith their ,free ends contained in the flange space of the rim asshownin Fig. 1.

The clamping ring 18 as usual clamps thepor-tions 1 of theinner membersto the rim; and the upper portions. of said inner members are adapted inturn to clamp the inner members that are in side b side eontactare of .afirmer and less yieding-compound, as ,indicated'in the drawings by thethat extent.

eloselisha'de lines, than the other parts of thetire. Thiscausejs'lessened movement and working of said partsonone another whentheQtire is inaction "and consequently reduces attrition and wear.at'the contacting sur-' faces of said parts. This is, of course, de-

.7 sirable, but reducing the height of fully alive rubberin the members11 decreases the shock-absorbing ability of the tire to y For thisreason I prefer to keep the rubber in the members 1-1 fully 'livewell upto the upper-ends of said membersand to 'dependfupon the bracing ex}tensions 7'7 for their effective and advantageous'faction as heretoforeexplained.

F01? the same purpose of improving the laterally stabilizing function ofthe outer members 2-2 I have constructed them so thatv their elbowsshall be below the center line of the height of the'tire, therebycausing their lower limbsto bear in towards the inner members morehorizontally than they otherwise, lwould do, thereby increasing theireflectivenessaslateral bracing members. 7

Thetreadportion 5 of the tire comprises a. circumferential seriesoftransverse grooves orrecesses 8 containing the pebble e ectors 9,

said-,recesses being open at the bottom and sides of said tread ortionand extending transversely from said sides to' and beyond the center ofthe tread, the adjacent recesses exten ding inioverlapping fashion fromopposite: sides of said tread portion as best shown. in'Fig; 3.

The tendency ofthe treadrecesses 8 to weaken the tread portion; ofthetire and cause it to split into lateral parts along the '50 f resistedandcounteracted by the heretofore median line 22(Fig.' 3) of the treadis described cross webs 6. V v r Some of the foregoing-1m rovements maybe used without others. A so changes and modifications may be made inthe practical.

' [embodiments of; my present improvements i whichwill,nevertheless,still be Within the spirit of the foregoing description andwithin the meaning and spirit of the annexed claims a and which as suchare accordingly intended togbe covered thereby.

Iclaim is: V In a .tire, the combination of spaced inner andoutermembersunited by a tread port1on,said outer members beingelbowmembers.

shaped in cross-section with'tlie elbows directed laterally outwardlyand with their limbs converging toward the tread and the base of thetire respectively yanda series a of spaced cross-webs uniting said innerand outer members at the spaces between said' 2. In a tire, thecombination of spaced inner and outer members, the former being uprightand load-supporting'and the latter being laterally bracing members,tread portion uniting one set of 'e'n'ds of said members, and a seriesofspaced 'eross webs in hers, and a series of spaced eros s-websvi ntegrally uniting the'inn'er to the outer 'me'm-' bers and also unitingthe inner members to each other at the spaces between'said members. f v

4. In a tire, the combination of spaced inner and outer members, theformer being upright and load-supporting, the latter being laterallybracing members, a tread Eortion uniting one set of end'sof said memersand having normally a relatively narrow ground contact limitedsubstantially to, the part thereof directly under said inner members,and aseries ofspajced cross-webs integrally uniting said inner andouter' mem bers across the spaces between said members. 5. In a tire,the combination of inner and outer members, a tread portion uniting oneset of ends of said members, the opposite set of'erids of said'membersjbeing adapted ion to be secured to a rim in side by side contact, saidinner and outer 'members' being spaced apart intermediate their end s,the

I 6. In a tire, thecombination of innerand outer members, a treadportion uniting one set of ends of said members, the opposite a set ofends of. said members being adapted tobe secured to arim'in side by sideeontact, said inner and outer members being spaced apartintermedi'atetheir ends, the

them and at the lower portion of the basal limbs of the outer membershaving lateral extensions from the one projecting into laterally bracingcontact with the other so that said extensions are located outside ofthe direct line of action of the load-sustaining forces. 1

7. In a tire, the combination of inner and outer members, a treadportion uniting one set of ends of said members, the opposite set ofends of said members belng adapted to be secured to a rim in side byside contact,

said inner and outer members being spaced apart intermediate their'ends,the inner being load-supporting and the outer beinglaterally-stabilizing, elbow-shaped members containingthe inner betweenthem with their elbows at the sides of the tire and with their limbsconverging toward the tread and toward the base ofthe tire respectively,said inner and outer members in the upper part of the Spaces betweenthem having lateral extensions from the one projecting into side contactwith the other so that sald extenslons are located outside of the directline of action of the load-sustaining forces, and a series of spacedcross-webs integrally uniting said inner and outer members across theinternal spaces between said members,

8. In a tire, the combination of inner and outer members, a treadportion uniting the lowerends of said members, their upper ends beingadapted to be secured to a rim in side by side contact and being firmerand less yielding than other parts of the tire so that there will bereduced movement of said uper ends on one another at their contactinFaces when the tire is in action, said inner and outer members beingspaced apart interme-,

diate theirends, the inner being load-supporting and 'theouter beinglaterally-stabilizmg, elbow-shaped members containing the inner betweenthem, with the 'elbowsiat the sides of the tire and with their limbsconverging toward the tread and toward the base of the tirerespectively, said inner and outer members in the upper part of thespaces between them having lateral extensions from the one projectinginto side contact with the other so that said extensions are locatedoutside ofthe direct line of action of the load-sustaining forces.

9. In a tire, the combination of spaced inner and outer members, a treadportion uniting the lower ends of saidmembers, the u per portions ofsaid members beingadapted to be secured to a rim in side by sidecontact,

said inner and outer members having bracing extensions from the oneprojecting laterally into side contact with the other to'laterally bracethe same in the middle zone of the tire. i V

10. In a tire, the combination of upright load-sustainingspace-separated members which are substantially straight, radially inrelation to the center of rotation of, the tire I throughout theirspace-bordering portions o and whic'h'are convergent toward. andintegrally united in the tread portion ofsthe tire, with means forincreasing-the lateral stability of the saidload-sustaining memberscomprising circumferentially spaced internal cross webs integrallyunited with said members across the space separating them.- v Y lluIn atire, the combination of upright load-sustaining space-separated memberswhich are substantially'straight, radially in] relation to the center ofrotation of the tire o.

throughout their space-bordering portions and which are convergenttoward and integrally united in the tread portion of the tire, withmeans. for increasingthe lateral stability of the said load-sustainingmembers comprising circumferentially spaced internal cross websintegrally united with said members across the space separating themadjacent to their union with thetread portion of the tire.

12. In a' tire comprising upright load sustaining space-separatedmembers convergent toward and intergrally united in the tread portion ofthe tire, said tread portion having a plurality of circumfere ntiallyspaced transversely extending recesses-in its tread under the aforesaidload-sustaining space-separated members, the. a combination therewith ofcircumferentially spaced internal cross webs integrally uniting thesaid" members across the'space separating them whereby the lateral]stability of said loadsustaningniembers is increased and the liabilityofsaid tread portion to split into a lateral parts is decreased."

'13. In a tire, the combination of upright load-supportingspace-separated members convergent toward and integrally united in arecess-weakened tread portion, with circumt'erentially-spaced internal;cross-webs integrally uniting the said members across the spaceseparating them and reinforcing the recess-weakened tread portionagainst splitting into lateral parts. H g I In testimony whereof,I havesigned my name to this specification, this 5th day of May, 1922. I i QMAX CYRUS OVERMAN.

